Setting up new password only if your password has expired and you know the Expired Password!!

Go to Command Prompt and type below commands

Syntax:

SQLPLUS username/password@databsename

Using JDBC Driver in MyEclipse

 Using DBExplorer in My Eclipse Helios Service Release 2

 DB Explore

 

JDBC-MyEclipse

SQL Tutorial

To Learn SQL refer below link

http://www.tutorialspoint.com/sql/index.htm


Important Queries

Date / Time related queries

1. Get the first day of the month

   Quickly returns the first day of current month. Instead of current month you want to find first day of month where a date falls, replace SYSDATE with any date column/value.
   

   SELECT TRUNC (SYSDATE, 'MONTH') "First day of current month"     FROM DUAL;

2. Get the last day of the month

   This query is similar to above but returns last day of current month. One thing worth noting is that it automatically takes care of leap year. So if you have 29 days in Feb, it will return 29/2. Also similar to above query replace SYSDATE with any other date column/value to find last day of that particular month.
   

   SELECT TRUNC (LAST_DAY (SYSDATE)) "Last day of current month"     FROM DUAL;

3. Get the first day of the Year

   First day of year is always 1-Jan. This query can be use in stored procedure where you quickly want first day of year for some calculation.
   

   SELECT TRUNC (SYSDATE, 'YEAR') "Year First Day" FROM DUAL;

4. Get the last day of the year

   Similar to above query. Instead of first day this query returns last day of current year.
   

   SELECT ADD_MONTHS (TRUNC (SYSDATE, 'YEAR'), 12) - 1 "Year Last Day" FROM DUAL

5. Get number of days in current month

   Now this is useful. This query returns number of days in current month. You can change SYSDATE with any date/value to know number of days in that month.
   

   SELECT CAST (TO_CHAR (LAST_DAY (SYSDATE), 'dd') AS INT) number_of_days   FROM DUAL;

6. Get number of days left in current month

   Below query calculates number of days left in current month.
   

   SELECT SYSDATE,        LAST_DAY (SYSDATE) "Last",        LAST_DAY (SYSDATE) - SYSDATE "Days left"   FROM DUAL;

7. Get number of days between two dates

   Use this query to get difference between two dates in number of days.
   

   SELECT ROUND ( (MONTHS_BETWEEN ('01-Feb-2014', '01-Mar-2012') * 30), 0)           num_of_days   FROM DUAL; OR SELECT TRUNC(sysdate) - TRUNC(e.hire_date) FROM employees;

   Use second query if you need to find number of days since some specific date. In this example number of days since any employee is hired.

8. Display each months start and end date upto last month of the year

   This clever query displays start date and end date of each month in current year. You might want to use this for certain types of calculations.
   

   SELECT ADD_MONTHS (TRUNC (SYSDATE, 'MONTH'), i) start_date,        TRUNC (LAST_DAY (ADD_MONTHS (SYSDATE, i))) end_date   FROM XMLTABLE (           'for $i in 0 to xs:int(D) return $i'           PASSING XMLELEMENT (                      d,                      FLOOR (                         MONTHS_BETWEEN (                            ADD_MONTHS (TRUNC (SYSDATE, 'YEAR') - 1, 12),                            SYSDATE)))           COLUMNS i INTEGER PATH '.');

9. Get number of seconds passed since today (since 00:00 hr)

   SELECT (SYSDATE - TRUNC (SYSDATE)) * 24 * 60 * 60 num_of_sec_since_morning   FROM DUAL;

10. Get number of seconds left today (till 23:59:59 hr)

    SELECT (TRUNC (SYSDATE+1) - SYSDATE) * 24 * 60 * 60 num_of_sec_left   FROM DUAL;

    Data dictionary queries

11. Check if a table exists in the current database schema

    A simple query that can be used to check if a table exists before you create it. This way you can make your create table script rerunnable. Just replace table_name with actual table you want to check. This query will check if table exists for current user (from where the query is executed).
    

    SELECT table_name   FROM user_tables  WHERE table_name = 'TABLE_NAME';

12. Check if a column exists in a table

    Simple query to check if a particular column exists in table. Useful when you tries to add new column in table using ALTER TABLE statement, you might wanna check if column already exists before adding one.
    

    SELECT column_name AS FOUND   FROM user_tab_cols  WHERE table_name = 'TABLE_NAME' AND column_name = 'COLUMN_NAME';

13. Showing the table structure

    This query gives you the DDL statement for any table. Notice we have pass ‘TABLE’ as first parameter. This query can be generalized to get DDL statement of any database object. For example to get DDL for a view just replace first argument with ‘VIEW’ and second with your view name and so.
    

    SELECT DBMS_METADATA.get_ddl ('TABLE', 'TABLE_NAME', 'USER_NAME') FROM DUAL;

14. Getting current schema

    Yet another query to get current schema name.
    

    SELECT SYS_CONTEXT ('userenv', 'current_schema') FROM DUAL;

15. Changing current schema

    Yet another query to change the current schema. Useful when your script is expected to run under certain user but is actually executed by other user. It is always safe to set the current user to what your script expects.
    

    ALTER SESSION SET CURRENT_SCHEMA = new_schema;

    Database administration queries

16. Database version information

    Returns the Oracle database version.
    

    SELECT * FROM v$version;

17. Database default information

    Some system default information.
    

    SELECT username,        profile,        default_tablespace,        temporary_tablespace   FROM dba_users;

18. Database Character Set information

    Display the character set information of database.
    

    SELECT * FROM nls_database_parameters;

19. Get Oracle version

    SELECT VALUE   FROM v$system_parameter  WHERE name = 'compatible';

20. Store data case sensitive but to index it case insensitive

    Now this ones tricky. Sometime you might querying database on some value independent of case. In your query you might do UPPER(..) = UPPER(..) on both sides to make it case insensitive. Now in such cases, you might want to make your index case insensitive so that they don’t occupy more space. Feel free to experiment with this one.
    

    CREATE TABLE tab (col1 VARCHAR2 (10)); CREATE INDEX idx1    ON tab (UPPER (col1)); ANALYZE TABLE a COMPUTE STATISTICS;

21. Resizing Tablespace without adding datafile

    Yet another DDL query to resize table space.
    

    ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE '/work/oradata/STARTST/STAR02D.dbf' resize 2000M;

22. Checking autoextend on/off for Tablespaces

    Query to check if autoextend is on or off for a given tablespace.
    

    SELECT SUBSTR (file_name, 1, 50), AUTOEXTENSIBLE FROM dba_data_files; (OR) SELECT tablespace_name, AUTOEXTENSIBLE FROM dba_data_files;

23. Adding datafile to a tablespace

    Query to add datafile in a tablespace.
    

    ALTER TABLESPACE data01 ADD DATAFILE '/work/oradata/STARTST/data01.dbf'     SIZE 1000M AUTOEXTEND OFF;

24. Increasing datafile size

    Yet another query to increase the datafile size of a given datafile.
    

    ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE '/u01/app/Test_data_01.dbf' RESIZE 2G;

25. Find the Actual size of a Database

    Gives the actual database size in GB.
    

    SELECT SUM (bytes) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024 AS GB FROM dba_data_files;

26. Find the size occupied by Data in a Database or Database usage details

    Gives the size occupied by data in this database.
    

    SELECT SUM (bytes) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024 AS GB FROM dba_segments;

27. Find the size of the SCHEMA/USER

    Give the size of user in MBs.
    

    SELECT SUM (bytes / 1024 / 1024) "size"   FROM dba_segments  WHERE owner = '&owner';

28. Last SQL fired by the User on Database

    This query will display last SQL query fired by each user in this database. Notice how this query display last SQL per each session.
    

    SELECT S.USERNAME || '(' || s.sid || ')-' || s.osuser UNAME,          s.program || '-' || s.terminal || '(' || s.machine || ')' PROG,          s.sid || '/' || s.serial# sid,          s.status "Status",          p.spid,          sql_text sqltext     FROM v$sqltext_with_newlines t, V$SESSION s, v$process p    WHERE     t.address = s.sql_address          AND p.addr = s.paddr(+)          AND t.hash_value = s.sql_hash_value ORDER BY s.sid, t.piece;

    Performance related queries

29. CPU usage of the USER

    Displays CPU usage for each User. Useful to understand database load by user.
    

    SELECT ss.username, se.SID, VALUE / 100 cpu_usage_seconds     FROM v$session ss, v$sesstat se, v$statname sn    WHERE     se.STATISTIC# = sn.STATISTIC#          AND NAME LIKE '%CPU used by this session%'          AND se.SID = ss.SID          AND ss.status = 'ACTIVE'          AND ss.username IS NOT NULL ORDER BY VALUE DESC;

30. Long Query progress in database

    Show the progress of long running queries.
    

    SELECT a.sid,          a.serial#,          b.username,          opname OPERATION,          target OBJECT,          TRUNC (elapsed_seconds, 5) "ET (s)",          TO_CHAR (start_time, 'HH24:MI:SS') start_time,          ROUND ( (sofar / totalwork) * 100, 2) "COMPLETE (%)"     FROM v$session_longops a, v$session b    WHERE     a.sid = b.sid          AND b.username NOT IN ('SYS', 'SYSTEM')          AND totalwork > 0 ORDER BY elapsed_seconds;

31. Get current session id, process id, client process id?

    This is for those who wants to do some voodoo magic using process ids and session ids.
    

    SELECT b.sid,        b.serial#,        a.spid processid,        b.process clientpid   FROM v$process a, v$session b  WHERE a.addr = b.paddr AND b.audsid = USERENV ('sessionid');

    • V$SESSION.SID AND V$SESSION.SERIAL# is database process id
    • V$PROCESS.SPID is shadow process id on this database server
    • V$SESSION.PROCESS is client PROCESS ID, ON windows it IS : separated THE FIRST # IS THE PROCESS ID ON THE client AND 2nd one IS THE THREAD id.

32. Last SQL Fired from particular Schema or Table:

    SELECT CREATED, TIMESTAMP, last_ddl_time   FROM all_objects  WHERE     OWNER = 'MYSCHEMA'        AND OBJECT_TYPE = 'TABLE'        AND OBJECT_NAME = 'EMPLOYEE_TABLE';

33. Find Top 10 SQL by reads per execution

    SELECT *   FROM (  SELECT ROWNUM,                  SUBSTR (a.sql_text, 1, 200) sql_text,                  TRUNC (                     a.disk_reads / DECODE (a.executions, 0, 1, a.executions))                     reads_per_execution,                  a.buffer_gets,                  a.disk_reads,                  a.executions,                  a.sorts,                  a.address             FROM v$sqlarea a         ORDER BY 3 DESC)  WHERE ROWNUM < 10;

34. Oracle SQL query over the view that shows actual Oracle connections.

    SELECT osuser,          username,          machine,          program     FROM v$session ORDER BY osuser;

35. Oracle SQL query that show the opened connections group by the program that opens the connection.

    SELECT program application, COUNT (program) Numero_Sesiones     FROM v$session GROUP BY program ORDER BY Numero_Sesiones DESC;

36. Oracle SQL query that shows Oracle users connected and the sessions number for user

    SELECT username Usuario_Oracle, COUNT (username) Numero_Sesiones     FROM v$session GROUP BY username ORDER BY Numero_Sesiones DESC;

37. Get number of objects per owner

    SELECT owner, COUNT (owner) number_of_objects     FROM dba_objects GROUP BY owner ORDER BY number_of_objects DESC;

    Utility / Math related queries

38. Convert number to words

    More info: Converting number into words in Oracle
    

    SELECT TO_CHAR (TO_DATE (1526, 'j'), 'jsp') FROM DUAL;

    Output:
    

    one thousand five hundred twenty-six

39. Find string in package source code

    Below query will search for string ‘FOO_SOMETHING’ in all package source. This query comes handy when you want to find a particular procedure or function call from all the source code.
    

    --search a string foo_something in package source code SELECT *   FROM dba_source  WHERE UPPER (text) LIKE '%FOO_SOMETHING%' AND owner = 'USER_NAME';

40. Convert Comma Separated Values into Table

    The query can come quite handy when you have comma separated data string that you need to convert into table so that you can use other SQL queries like IN or NOT IN. Here we are converting ‘AA,BB,CC,DD,EE,FF’ string to table containing AA, BB, CC etc. as each row. Once you have this table you can join it with other table to quickly do some useful stuffs.
    

    WITH csv      AS (SELECT 'AA,BB,CC,DD,EE,FF'                    AS csvdata            FROM DUAL)     SELECT REGEXP_SUBSTR (csv.csvdata, '[^,]+', 1, LEVEL) pivot_char       FROM DUAL, csv CONNECT BY REGEXP_SUBSTR (csv.csvdata,'[^,]+', 1, LEVEL) IS NOT NULL;

41. Find the last record from a table

    This ones straight forward. Use this when your table does not have primary key or you cannot be sure if record having max primary key is the latest one.
    

    SELECT *   FROM employees  WHERE ROWID IN (SELECT MAX (ROWID) FROM employees); (OR) SELECT * FROM employees MINUS SELECT *   FROM employees  WHERE ROWNUM < (SELECT COUNT (*) FROM employees);

42. Row Data Multiplication in Oracle

    This query use some tricky math functions to multiply values from each row. Read below article for more details.
    More info: Row Data Multiplication In Oracle
    

    WITH tbl      AS (SELECT -2 num FROM DUAL          UNION          SELECT -3 num FROM DUAL          UNION          SELECT -4 num FROM DUAL),      sign_val      AS (SELECT CASE MOD (COUNT (*), 2) WHEN 0 THEN 1 ELSE -1 END val            FROM tbl           WHERE num < 0)   SELECT EXP (SUM (LN (ABS (num)))) * val     FROM tbl, sign_val GROUP BY val;

43. Generating Random Data In Oracle

    You might want to generate some random data to quickly insert in table for testing. Below query help you do that. Read this article for more details.
    More info: Random Data in Oracle
    

    SELECT LEVEL empl_id,            MOD (ROWNUM, 50000) dept_id,            TRUNC (DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE (1000, 500000), 2) salary,            DECODE (ROUND (DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE (1, 2)),  1, 'M',  2, 'F') gender,            TO_DATE (                  ROUND (DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE (1, 28))               || '-'               || ROUND (DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE (1, 12))               || '-'               || ROUND (DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE (1900, 2010)),               'DD-MM-YYYY')               dob,            DBMS_RANDOM.STRING ('x', DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE (20, 50)) address       FROM DUAL CONNECT BY LEVEL < 10000;

44. Random number generator in Oracle

    Plain old random number generator in Oracle. This ones generate a random number between 0 and 100. Change the multiplier to number that you want to set limit for.
    

    --generate random number between 0 and 100 SELECT ROUND (DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE () * 100) + 1 AS random_num FROM DUAL;

45. Check if table contains any data

    This one can be written in multiple ways. You can create count(*) on a table to know number of rows. But this query is more efficient given the fact that we are only interested in knowing if table has any data.
    

    SELECT 1   FROM TABLE_NAME  WHERE ROWNUM = 1;

Calculating Differnece between 2 dates in minutes

select  round((second_date - first_date) * (60 * 24),2) as time_in_minutes
from
  (
    select
    to_date('02/21/2013 01:30:00 PM','mm/dd/yyyy hh:mi:ss am') as first_date
   ,to_date('02/22/2013 01:30:00 PM','mm/dd/yyyy HH:MI:SS AM') as second_date
  from
    dual
  ) dual

Installing Windows7/Windows8 From Removable Media

Below are the steps you must follow when you want to install windows7 from USB stick:

After completing all the process your removable media will look like this

Prerequisites:

1.USB Flash Drive (Minimum 4GB)

2.Windows 7 or Windows 8 installation files.

Step1:Plug-in your USB flash drive to USB port and move all the contents from USB drive to a safe location on your system.
     Reason:Here we need to format the drive,as a result you may loose your data which is currently present in your removable media

Step2: Open Command Prompt with admin rights. Use any of the below methods to open Command Prompt with admin rights.

 -------Type cmd in Start menu search box and hit Ctrl+ Shift+ Enter.

or 

--------Press windows logo+R and then type cmd and hit enter (Note :You must be logged in as ADMIN )

Step3:Type  DISKPART and hit enter

Step4:Type LIST DISK command and note down the Disk number (ex: Disk 1) of your USB flash drive. In the below screenshot my Flash Drive Disk no is Disk 1.

Step5: Next type all the below commands one by one. Here I assume that your disk drive no is “Disk 1”.If you have Disk 2 as your USB flash drive then use Disk 2.Refer the  Step4 to confirm it.

So below are the commands you need to type and execute one by one:

SELECT DISK 1

CLEAN

CREATE PARTITION PRIMARY

SELECT PARTITION 1

ACTIVE

FORMAT FS=NTFS

(Format process may take few seconds)

ASSIGN

EXIT

Complete Screenshot is shown below:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   
Step6:Open another command promt

Step7:Insert your Windows7 media into your Optical Drive
 and check the drive letter of the DVD drive. In this guide I will assume that your DVD drive letter is “D” and USB drive letter is “H” (open my computer to know about it).

Step8: Type D:   and hit enter
Step9:Type CD BOOT and hit enter

Where “D” is your DVD drive letter and Boot is the Directory name

Step10: Type BOOTSECT.EXE /NT60 H:

---->To update the USB drive with BOOTMGR compatible code.

Now Your removable  Media is ready to Boot

Step10: Copy your Windows 7 or Windows 8 DVD contents to the USB flash drive.

Step11:Your USB drive is ready to boot and install Windows 7 or Windows 8. Only thing you need to change the boot priority at the BIOS to USB from the HDD or CD Drive

Creating EO without WHO column in OAF

As per java standards, any class which extends an abstract class, must implement the abstract methods of the parent class or should be declared abstract itslef.
So Your child class must implement theses methods which is show as below

First:import theses package
 
import oracle.jbo.domain.Date;
import oracle.jbo.domain.Number; 

Then implement these metods

public  void setCreationDate(Date date){}

public  void setCreatedBy(Number number){}

public  void setLastUpdateDate(Date date){}

public  void setLastUpdatedBy(Number number){}

public   void setLastUpdateLogin(Number number){}

All System Date Function

A. Get the Current System Date and Time

SELECT SYSDATETIME()
    ,SYSDATETIMEOFFSET()
    ,SYSUTCDATETIME()
    ,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
    ,GETDATE()
    ,GETUTCDATE();
/* Returned:
SYSDATETIME()      2007-04-30 13:10:02.0474381
SYSDATETIMEOFFSET()2007-04-30 13:10:02.0474381 -07:00
SYSUTCDATETIME()   2007-04-30 20:10:02.0474381
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP  2007-04-30 13:10:02.047
GETDATE()          2007-04-30 13:10:02.047
GETUTCDATE()       2007-04-30 20:10:02.047

B. Get the Current System Date

SELECT CONVERT (date, SYSDATETIME())
    ,CONVERT (date, SYSDATETIMEOFFSET())
    ,CONVERT (date, SYSUTCDATETIME())
    ,CONVERT (date, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)
    ,CONVERT (date, GETDATE())
    ,CONVERT (date, GETUTCDATE());

/* Returned 
SYSDATETIME()      2007-05-03
SYSDATETIMEOFFSET()2007-05-03
SYSUTCDATETIME()   2007-05-04
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP  2007-05-03
GETDATE()          2007-05-03
GETUTCDATE()       2007-05-04
*/

C. Get the Current System Time

SELECT CONVERT (time, SYSDATETIME())
    ,CONVERT (time, SYSDATETIMEOFFSET())
    ,CONVERT (time, SYSUTCDATETIME())
    ,CONVERT (time, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)
    ,CONVERT (time, GETDATE())
    ,CONVERT (time, GETUTCDATE());

/* Returned
SYSDATETIME()      13:18:45.3490361
SYSDATETIMEOFFSET()13:18:45.3490361
SYSUTCDATETIME()   20:18:45.3490361
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP  13:18:45.3470000
GETDATE()          13:18:45.3470000
GETUTCDATE()       20:18:45.3470000
*/

Query to get the Time in YYYY format

SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY/MM/DD HH24:MI:SS') FROM DUAL
-->To get the time in 24hr 

SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY/MM/DD HH12:MI:SS') FROM DUAL
--> To get the time in 12hr

JDeveloper(OAF) Architecure

Model will take care the Data Base related Transactions, Model contains the following:

• Entity Object (EO)
• View Object (VO)
• Callable Statement (PL/SQL Statement)
• Prepare Statement (Single Select Statement)
• OADB Transactions (Oracle Apps Data Base Transactions)

View is nothing but the OAF Page Output. View is implemented by UIX (User Interface XML).

Controller will take care of web browser activities like HTTP Get and HTTP Post
Controller have got three methods:

• Process Request
• Process Forms Request (HTTP Get)
• Process Form Data (HTTP Post)

HTTP get: While loading the Page we use HTTP Get.
HTTP Post : After Loading the page if we want any changes the we use HTTP Post.
We will discuss in detail about MVC architecture in the next chapters.
The Below figure shows the interaction between Model, View, and Controller.